“ In addition, by comparing these results with those of the non-cooperative previous study, I found that the number of licensees might be fewer in the licensing-through-bargaining approach than through auction. Th is paper provides a perspective on the question of which licensing contracts are desirable for technology holders,” he says. In practice, however, their combinations are also used as a payment method. “ In my previous study, I separately analyzed two payment methods, lump-sum fees, and per-unit royalty, for technology licensing through bargainin g. Kishimoto’s previous research on cooperative game theory in technology transfer. ![]() Third, a comparison of the technology holder’s profits under the stable licensing schemes shows that it is always beneficial for the technology holder to grant the license to the applicants, which maximizes the sum of the technology holder’s profit and the licensees’ total surplus. Second, a stable licensing scheme always exists for the group of licensees who maximize the sum of the technology holder’s profit and their own total surplus. In this scenario, fee licensing is not achieved through bargaining, except when the royalty rate maximizing the total profit of the technology holder and licensees is equal to zero. His mathematical model revealed a number of interesting results.įirst, if a licensing scheme is rejection-proof-when a group of licensee applicants doesn’t have the incentive to reject the licensing scheme being offered-and not dominated-when there is no better licensing scheme for the technology holder and licensee applicants than the offered licensing scheme- (i.e., stable), then the royalty rate does not necessarily maximize the total profit of the technology holder and licensees. Published on September 12, 2023, in the Journal of Public Economic Theory, a new study by Associate Professor Shin Kishimoto from the Graduate School of Social Sciences at Chiba University, Japan, examined which stable licensing schemes could maximize profits for the technology holder based on a combination of fees and royalty licenses. The bargaining aspect of cooperative game theory has been under-researched. However, negotiations play a key role in granting and obtaining licenses between the technology holder and licensee companies. Previous studies on technology transfer within oligopolistic markets predominantly revolved around non-cooperative licensing methods, including take-it-or-leave-it offers and auction-based systems. In industries where oligopolies operate-a small number of producers who control the supply of a good or commodity and can determine prices-the profitability of licensing a patent depends on two critical factors: the chosen method of payment for license access and the relative number of firms granted the license as opposed to those left without. ![]() Companies and individuals who want to make use of the patented or licensed invention must make a formal request to do so. Newswise - Patents and licenses safeguard the intellectual property of the rights holder from being copied or sold without their permission.
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